Anuradhapura is a very old city in Sri Lanka (which is an island). People lived in this city a long time ago. The city was built around 2,500 years ago, which is very, very old!
It was a very important city because it was the capital of Sri Lanka for a super long time. That means that the most important people in the country, like the king and the queen, used to live there.
People came from all over the world to visit Anuradhapura because it was such an important place. They came to trade things like spices and silk, but they also came to see the cool buildings and temples.
There were lots of temples in Anuradhapura because it was a place where people went to pray to their gods. The temples were very big and important, and they had lots of people inside praying and making offerings to their gods.
Even though Anuradhapura was so important a long time ago, it is now a place where people go to learn about the past. You can visit and see the temples and buildings that were built so many years ago, and you can learn about what life was like a long time ago in Sri Lanka. It's like traveling back in time!