Okay kiddo, imagine a big castle with a tall wall and a gate that keeps bad guys out. Inside the castle, there's a tiny room called a bastion. The only way to get into the castle is to pass through this special room, and it's well protected by guards.
Now, let's say that the castle isn't a real one, but a computer network. The bastion room is now a computer that's specially set up to be extra secure. We call it a bastion host.
Like in the castle, the only way into the network is through this special computer. It's kept really safe and isn't used for anything except letting people "in" from the outside. That way, if someone bad tries to come in, they'll have to get through this one super-secure computer first.
Bastion hosts are often used in businesses or government agencies to protect their sensitive information from those who might steal it. They're like gatekeepers for computer networks, watching who comes in and who goes out.