Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a way to measure how much oxygen is used by bacteria and other microorganisms in a body of water. BOD is a way to measure water pollution. When too much pollution enters the water, organisms like bacteria use up too much oxygen, leaving too little oxygen for other animals like fish, crabs, and plants. BOD tests measure how much oxygen is in a body of water and it is used to tell if the water is too polluted.