Okay kiddo, do you know what oil is? It's a black liquid that we sometimes dig up from the ground. Now, sometimes this oil is pretty thick and sticky, almost like syrup, and sometimes it's more liquidy like water.
Scientists and engineers use something called "black-oil equations" to figure out how this oil will behave when we pump it out of the ground and into pipes to send it to a refinery.
The equations take into account things like how much oil there is in the ground, how deep it is, and how thick or thin it is. They also consider how the oil might mix with water or gas that might be in the same underground reservoir as the oil.
By using these equations, engineers can figure out how much oil they can extract from the ground, and how they should design the pipelines and pumps to move the oil without causing any problems.
So basically, black-oil equations help us understand how oil will behave and how we can make the most of it while also being safe and efficient. Does that make sense, kiddo?