Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) v Vavilov
Okay kiddo, so there was a man named Alexander Vavilov who was born in Canada to Russian parents who were also spies. When Alexander and his brother applied for Canadian citizenship, the government said no because they thought their parents were not actually living in Canada as permanent residents when the boys were born. Alexander and his brother didn't think this was fair, so they took the government to court.
The judges had to decide how the government should make decisions about citizenship, and they used a set of rules that had been made up by the government. But when the judges made their decision, some people didn't think they followed the rules correctly. So the case went all the way to the top court in Canada - the Supreme Court - and they had to decide whether the rules that the lower court judges used were the right ones to use.
The Supreme Court said that the lower court judges did not use the right rules, and that in cases like Alexander's, the government should only be able to deny citizenship if there is a good reason to do so. The Supreme Court also made new rules for how the government should make these decisions in the future.
So basically, the court told the government how to be fair and transparent when making decisions about citizenship, and made sure that if someone is born in Canada, they can only be denied citizenship if there is a really good reason for it.
The judges had to decide how the government should make decisions about citizenship, and they used a set of rules that had been made up by the government. But when the judges made their decision, some people didn't think they followed the rules correctly. So the case went all the way to the top court in Canada - the Supreme Court - and they had to decide whether the rules that the lower court judges used were the right ones to use.
The Supreme Court said that the lower court judges did not use the right rules, and that in cases like Alexander's, the government should only be able to deny citizenship if there is a good reason to do so. The Supreme Court also made new rules for how the government should make these decisions in the future.
So basically, the court told the government how to be fair and transparent when making decisions about citizenship, and made sure that if someone is born in Canada, they can only be denied citizenship if there is a really good reason for it.