Okay, kiddo! Capital flows in Japan is all about money moving in and out of Japan from other countries. Think of it like water flowing in and out of a bathtub. When Japan gets more money from outside countries than it sends out, it's like the water level in the bathtub rising. When Japan sends out more money than it gets in, it's like the water level in the bathtub lowering.
People in other countries can send money to Japan to invest in businesses or buy goods and services from Japan. This is called "foreign direct investment" and it can help Japan's economy grow. But sometimes, people in Japan might want to invest their money in other countries or buy things from other countries. When this happens, money leaves Japan and goes to these other countries.
There are different reasons why more money might be going in or out of Japan. For example, if Japan's economy is doing well and people think it's a good place to invest, then more money might flow in. But if there's a lot of economic uncertainty or political tension in Japan, then people might be less likely to invest in Japan and more money might flow out.
In the end, capital flows in Japan are a way for money to move between different countries, and it can have an impact on Japan's economy and the economies of other countries.