The central governor is like a little supervisor in your brain that helps control your body and keep it safe. It's kind of like a boss that tells your body how much energy to use and how fast to go when you're doing something physical, like running or playing sports.
When you start to exercise, your brain gets a message that says, "Hey, we need some more energy!" Your central governor decides how much energy to send to your muscles and how fast they should use it. If you're trying to run really fast, your central governor might say, "Whoa, slow down! We don't have enough energy for this." And then it will make you slow down so that you don't hurt yourself.
Your central governor also helps to reduce fatigue by slowing you down before you actually run out of energy. This way, you're less likely to get hurt or push yourself too hard. So the next time you play sports or run around, remember that your central governor is always watching out for you!