A chaldron is a really old way of measuring how much stuff (usually coal) can fit in a big container. Imagine you have a big toy box at home, and you want to see how many of your toys can fit in it. A chaldron is like a toy box for coal, but much bigger!
A long time ago, people would use chaldrons to measure how much coal they were buying or selling. They would fill the chaldron with coal and then use it to transport the coal from one place to another. The chaldron was made of sturdy materials like wood, metal or wicker, so it could hold a lot of coal without breaking.
Nowadays, we don't really use chaldrons to measure stuff anymore. Instead, we have much more accurate ways of measuring things like scales and meters. But, the chaldron still has an important role in history and helps us understand how people used to measure things!