Imagine a group of toys standing in a straight line, all touching each other. This line of toys is like a column of numbers. Columnar number density is a way to measure how many toys (or numbers) there are in that column.
Let's say that our column has 10 toys in it. To find the columnar number density, we would divide the total length of the column by the number of toys in it. If each toy is 1 inch long, then the column is 10 inches long. When we divide the length of the column (10 inches) by the number of toys (10), we get a columnar number density of 1 inch^-1. This means that every 1 inch of the column contains 1 toy.
Now imagine that we squeeze all of the toys together so that they are touching really tightly. The column is still 10 toys long, but now it only takes up 5 inches of space. When we calculate the columnar number density, we get 2 inches^-1. This means that every 1 inch of the column now contains 2 toys.
So, to sum it up: columnar number density is a way to measure how many things are in a column (like toys, or numbers in a list). We figure it out by dividing the length of the column by the number of things in it. The higher the number density, the more tightly packed the things in the column are.