Constant capital

Constant capital is like the toys and tools that a factory uses to make things. Just like how when you play with your toys, you need things like pencils, paper, and blocks to play with, a factory needs machines, tools, and materials to make things.

These tools and machines are called constant capital because they don't change much over time. You don't need to buy new blocks or pencils every time you want to play with them, and a factory doesn't need to buy new machines every time they make something.

So, constant capital is all the things a factory needs to make things that don't change much over time, like machines, tools, and materials. It's different from variable capital, which is money paid to workers, which can change over time depending on factors like supply and demand.