Alright kiddo, think of your ears as a big playground. And just like in a playground, there are different areas where you can hear different sounds. Imagine that each area is a slide, and each slide is made for a certain type of sound.
Now, some sounds might be too similar to each other, and you might get confused and think they are the same. That is where critical bands come in.
A critical band is like a big slide that lets you hear a range of sounds that are close together. It helps you tell the difference between those sounds, and not mix them up.
So, if you're listening to music and there are two instruments playing notes that are similar, your ears will separate them into different critical bands to help you hear them better.
That's it, buddy! Critical bands are simply big slides for your ears that help you hear sounds better by separating them into different sections.