Enclave and exclave

An enclave is a piece of land that is completely surrounded by another piece of land. An exclave is a piece of land that is part of one country, but is not physically connected to the main area of the country and can only be reached by passing through another country's land. Examples of enclaves are Vatican City which is surrounded by Italy, and Monaco which is surrounded by France. An example of an exclave is the Russian city of Kaliningrad, which is part of Russia but can only be reached by going through Lithuania or Poland.