ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Excess burden of taxation

Excess burden of taxation is the cost that the government imposes on the people when they pay taxes. It's an extra cost because the taxes collect money that was otherwise going to be used for something else. For example, if the government wants to build a new bridge, they might have to take some of the money you have earned and put it towards the construction. This extra cost is the excess burden of taxation.