Exilliteratur is a big word that means literature written by people who had to leave their home country and go live in another place because they were not safe there anymore. The word "exil" comes from Latin and means "banishment".
Imagine you are playing in a playground with your friends and suddenly a bully comes and starts hurting you. You feel scared and you try to run away. In a way, exilliteratur is like that. It's like the writer had to run away from their home country because they were being bullied or hurt in some way.
The writers who wrote exilliteratur had to leave their homes because they were being persecuted or oppressed. This could be because of their ideas, beliefs, or their race, religion or political beliefs. They may have been afraid that they would be arrested or even killed if they stayed in their home country.
So, the writers went to live in another country, often far away from their friends and family. This was difficult for them because they had to leave their homes, their friends, and their culture behind.
But the writers didn't give up. They continued to write about their experiences and their feelings. They wrote about what it was like to be in a new country, to miss their old home, and to feel like they didn't belong anywhere.
Their writings became exilliteratur. It's important because it gives us a window into the lives of people who faced persecution and oppression in their home country. It helps us understand their struggles and appreciate their bravery for continuing to write even when they were far from their homes.