Okay kiddo, an exonym is a fancy word for the name that people use to talk about a place that is different from the name that the people who live there use.
Let's say you live in a place called "São Paulo", but people from another country call it "Saint Paul". "São Paulo" is the endonym, or the name used by the locals, and "Saint Paul" is the exonym, or the name used by outsiders.
Exonyms can be helpful for people from different countries to talk about places and navigate their way around, but they can also be confusing if people don't know what exonym is used in what country.