Exposure index is like a picture book for your camera. Your camera wants to know how much light it needs to take a good picture, just like you need to know how many crayons you need to use to make a good drawing. The exposure index is like the page in the picture book that shows how much light is needed for different situations.
When you take a picture, your camera measures the amount of light that comes in through the lens. Then it checks the exposure index to see how much light it needs to take a good picture. If it's too dark, your camera might ask for more light, like when you ask your parents for a brighter lamp to read your book at night. And if it's too bright, your camera might ask for less light, like when you ask your parents to turn down the sun so you don't get too hot outside.
The exposure index is there to help your camera take the best picture possible, just like your picture book helps you make the best drawing possible. And just like you can learn how to use different crayons for different colors, you can learn how to adjust your camera's exposure index for different lighting situations.