ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

F4 (mathematics)

"F4" in mathematics usually refers to the fourth derivative of a function.

Think of a function as a recipe for making something. For example, if we have the function "f(x) = x^2", that tells us how to make a bowl of soup where the amount of ingredients we use depends on the temperature, or "x".

The first derivative (f'(x)) of this function tells us how fast the soup is changing as we heat it up. The second derivative (f''(x)) tells us how fast the rate of change of the soup is changing. The third derivative (f'''(x)) tells us how fast the rate of change of the rate of change of the soup is changing.

And finally, the fourth derivative (f4(x)) tells us how fast the rate of change of the rate of change of the rate of change of the soup is changing!

This might seem hard to understand, but think of it like a racecar going around a track. The first derivative tells us how fast the car is going, the second derivative tells us how fast the car's speed is changing, the third derivative tells us how fast the rate of change of the car's speed is changing, and the fourth derivative tells us how fast the rate of change of the rate of change of the car's speed is changing.

So essentially, the fourth derivative gives us a very specific and detailed description of how quickly something is changing at a given point in time.