Okay kiddo, sometimes when we want to make something like beer or pickles, we use tiny living things called yeast or bacteria to help. But, we need to make sure that only the good guys can get in while the bad guys stay out. That's where a fermentation lock comes in.
Think of the fermentation lock as a tiny guard that sits on top of the container where we are making our beer or pickles. It allows the carbon dioxide gas that the yeast or bacteria make to escape but doesn't let any air or bad guys get in.
It's like a one-way door for gas. The gas can go out but nothing else is allowed in. This helps keep the yeast or bacteria nice and safe inside where they can work their magic and turn our ingredients into something yummy without getting ruined by bad bacteria or air.
So, a fermentation lock is really just a small tool that makes sure our fermentation process goes smoothly and helps us make delicious things to eat and drink.