When you look at letters on a computer or phone screen, they are made up of tiny dots called pixels. Font rasterization is the process of turning a letter or symbol into a pattern of pixels so that it looks clear and easy to read on the screen.
First, the computer takes a digital version of the letter or symbol, which is called a vector. This vector is just a bunch of lines and curves, kind of like a drawing.
Next, the computer figures out exactly where each pixel should go to create the letter or symbol. It does this by using some special math formulas that help it figure out the best placement for each pixel.
Once the computer knows where each pixel should go, it colors them in with the right color to create the letter or symbol that you see on the screen.
These steps happen very fast so that we can read words and sentences on the screen quickly and easily. Without font rasterization, the letters and symbols would look blurry and hard to read.