ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Fundamental domain

Hey kiddo! So, do you know when we play tic-tac-toe and we use a piece of paper with a grid on it? That grid helps us to know where we can put our X's and O's, right?

Well, in math, sometimes we need to use something like that too. It's called a domain. It's like a special area with special rules where it's safe to use some math operations.

But sometimes we have a bigger domain, and we only need to use a smaller one. That's where the fundamental domain comes in.

The fundamental domain is like the smallest tic-tac-toe board that can fit inside the bigger one. It's still a domain, but it's smaller and easier to use.

So, when we want to do some math on this bigger domain, we can use the fundamental domain as a sort of map. We just need to figure out how to map the points from the bigger domain to the fundamental domain, and then we can do our math there.

It's like using the smaller board to make a plan, and then knowing how to translate that plan to the bigger one. Pretty cool, huh?