ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy

Once upon a time, long, long ago, there were two groups of people who believed in different ways to understand their religious books. One group, called fundamentalists, believed that everything in their holy book was true and should be taken literally, word for word. They believed that the book was written by God and should be followed without any changes.

On the other hand, the other group, known as modernists, believed that while the religious book was still important, it shouldn't be taken as the one and only truth. They thought that the book was written by humans, so it may contain mistakes or be written in a way that didn't apply to people living today. The modernists wanted to adapt the teachings to fit the changing world and accepted that science could provide new information that would change the way people interpreted the religious book.

This disagreement caused a lot of arguing and debating between the two groups. The fundamentalists were afraid that if the lessons in the book were changed to fit the modern world, they would lose their sacred teachings and their way of life. The modernists believed that their faith could still be followed while also adapting to the times.

Eventually, the arguing led to a big problem in some churches and universities, and people were even kicked out for their beliefs. But over time, the two groups learned to coexist, and people started to understand that both sides had valid points. Nowadays, many people believe that they can have faith and still use science to help them understand the world.
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