Gravitational biology is a fancy way of talking about how gravity affects living things. You know how when you jump, you come back down to Earth because of gravity? Well, gravity affects everything on Earth, including plants and animals.
When plants grow, they have to figure out which way is up so they can grow straight. They do this by using something called gravity sensing cells. These cells tell the plant which way is down and which way is up. This is why plants always grow towards the sky.
Animals are affected by gravity too. For example, if you jump up and down, your body feels heavier every time you land back on the ground. That's because your body is being pulled towards the Earth by gravity.
Scientists study gravitational biology to learn more about how living things can adapt to different levels of gravity. This is important because humans may one day travel to other planets with different levels of gravity than Earth. By studying gravitational biology, we can learn how to keep humans healthy in space.