Hoare logic

Hoare logic is like a set of rules for checking if a computer program is doing what it's supposed to do.

Imagine you are playing with some Legos and you have to follow some instructions to build a cool spaceship. If you follow the instructions step by step, the spaceship should be built correctly. Hoare logic is like these instructions for a computer program. It tells you what each part of the program should do and how it should work, and then checks to make sure it's doing those things correctly.

In Hoare logic, you break down a program into small parts called "statements," and then you check each statement to make sure it's doing what it's supposed to do. Each statement has a "precondition," which is like a set of rules that must be true before the statement runs, and a "postcondition," which is like a set of rules that must be true after the statement runs.

For example, let's say you have a program that adds two numbers together. The statement for adding the numbers might have a precondition that says both numbers must be positive, and a postcondition that says the result of the addition should be greater than or equal to the sum of the two original numbers.

By checking these preconditions and postconditions for each statement in a program, you can make sure the program is working correctly and doing what it's supposed to do. This can help prevent bugs and errors in the program, and make it easier to understand and modify in the future.