ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Human vestigiality

Hey there little buddy, so you know how sometimes you have toys or clothes you don't use anymore because you've grown out of them? Well, our bodies have some things too that we don't really need or use anymore, and those are called vestigial traits!

Let's start with our appendix. It's a little thing that hangs off of our intestines, but it doesn't really do anything for us. Scientists used to think it helped us digest fiber, but now they're not so sure. Sometimes it gets infected and we have to get it taken out, but we can live perfectly fine without it.

Another vestigial trait is our tailbone. Yes, you read that right - we used to have tails a long, long time ago! But as we evolved, we didn't need them anymore and so they shrank and eventually turned into the tiny bone we have now. It doesn't do much for us, but it does serve as an anchor point for some of our muscles and helps us sit upright.

Our wisdom teeth are another example of vestigiality. Back in the day, our ancestors had bigger jaws and needed those extra teeth to help them chew tough foods. But as we've evolved and our diets have changed, we don't really need them anymore. In fact, sometimes they cause problems and have to be taken out!

So there you have it, little buddy - vestigial traits are just parts of our bodies that we don't really need anymore, but they're still there because they haven't completely disappeared yet. It's kind of like having old toys you don't play with anymore, but you still keep them around because they remind you of when you were younger!
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