ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Ideal sheaf

Okay, so imagine you have a toy castle made of blocks. Each block represents a point in space. Now imagine that you have a little piece of paper that you want to stick onto some of the blocks to make a special pattern.

The ideal sheaf is like a set of rules that tell you exactly which blocks to stick the paper onto, and how many times to stick it there.

For example, the ideal sheaf might say "stick the paper onto the red blocks and stick it there twice."

This is useful because it tells you exactly what you need to do to create a certain pattern on your castle.

In math, an ideal sheaf is similar - it's a set of instructions that tell you where to put mathematical objects (like points or functions) in space in order to create a certain pattern. It's really helpful for mathematicians because it gives them a precise way to describe and study these patterns.