ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Intrauterine hypoxia

When a baby is growing inside its mommy's tummy, it gets all its food and oxygen from the mommy's blood through a special tube called the umbilical cord. But sometimes, something happens where the baby not get enough oxygen. This is called intrauterine hypoxia. This can be very dangerous for the baby.

Think of it like when you hold your breath for too long underwater. Your body needs oxygen to keep working, and if you don't get enough oxygen, you start to feel really tired and weak. This is what happens to the baby too. If the baby doesn't get enough oxygen, it can start to feel tired and weak too.

Intrauterine hypoxia can happen if the mommy doesn't eat enough or if she smokes or does drugs, because those things can make it harder for the baby to get oxygen. It can also happen if there is something wrong with the umbilical cord or the baby's heart.

Doctors can check to see if a baby is getting enough oxygen by using special machines that listen to the baby's heartbeat or by doing an ultrasound to look at the baby inside the mommy's tummy. If a baby is not getting enough oxygen, doctors might need to help the mommy give birth early or do special treatments to make sure the baby gets enough oxygen.