ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Japanese mathematics

Japanese mathematics is like playing with numbers, but with a special way of doing it that comes from Japan.

Imagine you have a bunch of sticks. You can arrange them into different shapes or patterns, just like you can arrange numbers in different ways. But in Japanese math, they use some special stick patterns, called soroban or abacus, to make counting and calculating easier.

The soroban looks like a rectangular frame with little beads or balls on rods that move up and down. Each rod represents a different place value, like the ones, tens, and hundreds in our normal counting system. By sliding the beads back and forth on the rods, you can quickly add, subtract, multiply, and divide numbers. It's like having a tiny little calculator that you can hold in your hand!

Japanese math also has some special tricks called visual calculations or yomitori. One of the most famous examples is the "finger counting" trick where you can multiply two numbers using only your fingers!

For example, to multiply 6 and 9, you hold up all ten fingers and then put down the sixth finger on one hand and the ninth finger on the other hand. Count the number of fingers left standing on both hands and you get the answer - 54!

Overall, Japanese mathematics is a fun and creative way to play with numbers using some special tools and tricks. It's like a puzzle that helps you understand how math works and makes it easier to solve problems.