Knot invariants are special pieces of information that can be used to tell one knot apart from all of the other different kinds of knots. They are like special numbers or letters that stay the same no matter what you do to the knot. This means that if you took a knot and twisted it really hard or stretched it out, the invariants of the knot would still be the same. Knot invariants help scientists learn about knots and figure out which ones are special or unique.