A lyotropic liquid crystal is a special type of liquid that is in between a solid and a regular liquid. It is like a jelly that can flow like a regular liquid, but it also has patterns and shapes like a solid.
Lyotropic liquid crystals are made up of molecules that are shaped like long sticks or rods, and they can only form when these molecules are dissolved in a liquid like water or oil. The sticks or rods of the molecules stick together in certain ways, forming patterns that are called liquid crystals.
These liquid crystal patterns can be arranged in different ways, creating all kinds of different shapes and structures. Scientists can control the different patterns and shapes of lyotropic liquid crystals by changing things like the temperature, the concentration of the molecules, and the chemicals added to the liquid.
Lyotropic liquid crystals have many important applications in science and technology, such as in making better screens for televisions and smartphones, in creating stronger and more durable materials, and in developing new medicines and drugs.