ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Microvoid coalescence

Microvoid coalescence is like when you have a lot of little bubbles in something, and then those bubbles start to join together and become bigger bubbles. Imagine blowing a bunch of small bubbles with your bubble wand in the park. If you keep blowing bubbles, eventually some of those bubbles will touch each other and stick together, making a bigger bubble.

In materials science, microvoids are tiny empty spaces that can form in materials like metals or plastics. These voids can happen naturally in the manufacturing process or they can be caused by things like stress or strain on the material.

When a material with microvoids is put under stress, like when you stretch a piece of rubber or metal, those voids can start to connect and grow. Just like with the bubble wand in the park, the small voids will start to stick together and make bigger voids. This is what we call microvoid coalescence.

Eventually, if enough voids connect and grow, the material can become weakened and even break. Think about a piece of bubble wrap - if you keep popping the bubbles, eventually you will have a big hole in the wrap. This same kind of thing can happen in materials when microvoids coalesce.

Scientists study microvoid coalescence because it can affect how materials perform under stress and strain. By understanding how voids coalesce, we can design stronger materials that are less likely to break or fail.