Multi-stage flash distillation is a process where water is broken down into different parts based on their temperatures. It works by heating up water until it boils and creates steam. The steam is then separated into two different parts: one part that is very hot and one that is slightly cooler. The hot part is sent through a cooling chamber where it gets colder. As it gets colder, the steam turns back into liquid form and is collected in a separate container. The liquid that is collected is called the distillate. The slightly cooler part of the steam is then sent through another cooling chamber and the process repeats itself until all the water is broken down into its components. Finally, these components are separated into containers based on their temperatures, while the distillate is the most pure form of water.