Near–far problem

Imagine you have two objects, one close to you and one far away. They might look the same size to your eyes, but in reality, the one that's closer to you is actually smaller than the one that's farther away.

This happens because of something called the "near-far problem" in computer graphics. When we create a virtual world in a computer, we have to decide how big things are going to be, and we do that by assigning them a size in the computer's 3D space.

The problem is, if we make everything look the same size on our screen, no matter how far away it is, then things that are closer to us will actually look smaller in real life – like the two objects we started with.

So, to make things look realistic, computer graphics software has to adjust the size of objects in relation to how far away they are from the viewer. This way, objects that are closer appear larger, and objects that are farther away appear smaller, just like in real life.

This technique is called "perspective," and it's what makes virtual worlds look more realistic. However, if the software doesn't do this properly, then you might end up with things that look wrong or out of proportion, known as the near-far problem.