Neocognitron is a type of artificial neural network (ANN). ANNs are inspired by the way that our brains work and are made up of a network of connected nodes (just like neurons in our brains). Neocognitron is special because it can learn to recognize patterns over time. It works by connecting input data to an output, which it adjusts depending on whether the result was correct or not. Eventually, it can learn to recognize a pattern in the data and give the right output when a similar input is given.