Imagine you have a big box full of toys. You want to organize them, so you make a list of all the toys you have and give each toy a number. This list is called a catalogue. Now, imagine scientists have a really big sky they want to explore, and they want to organize all the things they see up there, like stars and galaxies. They also want to give each one a number, so they don't get mixed up. That's where the New General Catalogue comes in.
The New General Catalogue is like a big list of all the things in the sky that scientists have studied and given a number to. It's a way to keep track of all the stars, galaxies, and other things in space. There are over 7,840 things on the list!
A long time ago, in the 18th century, a guy named Charles Messier made the first catalogue of space objects. But as time went on, more and more things were discovered and added to the list. Finally, in 1888, a guy named John Dreyer made the New General Catalogue that we still use today.
Each object in the catalogue has a number and a description. For example, the Andromeda Galaxy is number 31, and it's described as "a wonderful spindle-shaped nebula." So if a scientist wants to talk about Andromeda, they can just say "NGC 31," and everyone will know what they're talking about.
The New General Catalogue is really useful because it helps astronomers keep track of everything in space. And who knows, maybe someday you'll learn about something new in space and get to add it to the catalogue yourself!