Penrose stairs are a strange type of staircase that looks like it could go on forever and ever without ever going up or down. Imagine a set of stairs that you can climb and climb, but no matter how high you get, you never reach the top or the bottom. It's like a magic trick, and it's really confusing because it defies what we think we know about how stairs should work.
To understand how Penrose stairs work, you need to first understand what a normal staircase looks like. A normal staircase has steps that are arranged in a way that creates an upward or downward slope. Each step is the same height and width, and there's always a clear path to the top or bottom.
Now, imagine if instead of each step being the same height and width, the steps were arranged in a way that creates an optical illusion. The Penrose stairs use a specific pattern that tricks the eye into thinking that you're climbing up or down when really you're climbing in a circle.
The Penrose stairs work by essentially looping back on themselves. At any given point as you climb them, you perceive yourself as going either up or down, while in reality you're not going up or down at all. It's kinda like when you go round and round on a merry-go-round, you stay in the same place, but it feels like you're moving.
Penrose stairs are a visual illusion created by manipulating perspective, and it's a fun way to trick our brains into seeing something that isn't really there. So it's just like a really cool magic trick that never gets old.