Policy analysis is like playing detective. You know how detectives try to find out why a crime happened and how to prevent it from happening again? Policy analysts try to do that for important decisions made by governments, organizations, or businesses.
Let's say there's a problem like littering in a park. A policy analyst will try to find out what's causing it; is there not enough trash cans, are people not educated about littering, or is it just human nature to be messy? They will also try to figure out what can be done about it; should there be more trash cans or more signs warning against littering, or should there be a fine for littering?
To do this, policy analysts collect data and information, research what has worked in other places, and consult with experts in the field. They then make recommendations to the decision-makers to help them make an informed choice on what actions to take.
Basically, policy analysts are like problem solvers who help people in charge make better decisions by gathering information and exploring possible solutions.