ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Probability bounds analysis

Probability bounds analysis is a method for estimating the best possible result for a particular problem. It makes a guess about the best possible result and then uses math to determine if that guess was correct. It works by starting with a guess, and then figuring out the probability (likelihood) of that guess being correct. If the probability of the answer is high enough, then it's likely that the guess was correct. If it's not, then the guess needs to be adjusted and the process is repeated until the probability of the answer is high enough to be considered correct.