Rasch models are mathematical models used to measure how difficult a certain test item (question or problem) is. They also measure how well a person understands something by how they perform on the test items. Here's how it works: first, we use the Rasch model to figure out the difficulty of each test item. Then, we compare each person's scores on the items to the difficulty level of the item. We use this to figure out how well each person understands the material.