Okay kiddo, imagine you have a toy box with lots of toys inside. Now, you need to keep your toys organized and you want to easily find the toy you want to play with later. How can you do that? By putting labels on each of the toys and writing down the name and location of each toy on a list.
In the same way, a segment descriptor is like a label for a section of your computer’s memory. Think of your computer’s memory as a huge toy box with lots of information stored inside. The segment descriptor tells your computer what kind of data is stored in a specific part of that memory and how to access and use it.
For example, let’s say you have a segment descriptor called “code segment” which tells your computer that a certain segment of the memory contains instructions for the computer to use. Another segment descriptor called “stack segment” tells your computer that a certain section of the memory is used for temporarily storing information as the computer runs programs.
So, just like the toy box labels help you find your toys quickly and easily, segment descriptors help your computer find and use the right data in the right way.