Static timing analysis is like checking how long it takes you to walk from one place to another. Let's say you need to walk from your house to the park. You want to know how long it will take you to get there so you can plan your day.
Just like that, computer chips need to move information from one place to another as they process things. Static timing analysis checks how long it takes for the information to move from one place to another inside a computer chip, making sure everything happens at the right time.
Think of it like a race. Each part of the computer chip needs to finish its part of the race at the right time, so the whole thing runs smoothly. Static timing analysis checks that none of the parts of the race take too long, making sure everything finishes on time.
This is important because if the information doesn't move fast enough, the computer chip won't work properly. So, just like you need to know how long it takes you to walk from your house to the park, computer chips need to know how long it takes information to move from one place to another so they work properly.