Strategy pattern

The strategy pattern is a way of changing how a program works without making a lot of changes to the actual code. The idea is to use certain types of objects - called strategies - to decide how the program should do what it needs to do.

Let's say you want to make a video game about a bird. In the game, the bird has different abilities: it can fly, jump, and swim. Normally, you would write the code for each of these abilities in the same place in the game's code. But with the strategy pattern, instead you create three different strategies - one for each ability. These strategies are like little pieces of code that are each specialized for a certain ability. Then you can place these strategies into the part of the game that needs them.

So now when the bird needs to fly, the game will use the flying strategy that you created. When it needs to jump, it will call the jumping strategy. This makes it easier to change how the game works, since you don't need to make big changes to the code - you just need to change the strategies.