A subobject is like a smaller part of something bigger. Imagine you have a big cake, and you want to give a piece of it to your friend. You can't give them the whole cake, so you'll cut a smaller piece from it. That smaller piece is a subobject of the big cake.
In math, we use subobjects when we want to study a smaller part of a bigger thing. For example, imagine we have a circle. We can divide the circle into smaller parts, like a half-circle or a quarter-circle. These smaller parts are subobjects of the circle.
Subobjects are useful because they help us understand complicated things by breaking them down into smaller, easier-to-understand parts. So the next time you see a big thing that looks too confusing, just remember that there are always smaller subobjects you can focus on to make it easier to understand!