A surface-to-air missile is like a really big toy arrow that shoots up into the sky instead of across the room. It's made for grown-ups to use to protect important places, like airports or military bases, from bad guys who want to drop bombs or fly planes into the buildings.
To use the missile, you have to aim it at the sky where the bad guy's plane or bomb is coming from. The missile has a special sensor that can see the bad guy's plane or bomb coming and it tells the missile where to go. The missile then shoots up into the sky to try and hit the bad guy's plane or bomb.
Once the missile gets close to its target, it gets really hot and starts to spin really fast to make sure it hits the bad guy's plane or bomb. When it hits, it explodes and makes a big boom, which makes the bad guy's plane or bomb blow up too. This helps protect important places and people from bad guys who want to hurt them.