ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Transformation matrix

A transformation matrix is a way of moving shapes around in two dimensions (like on a piece of paper). It does this by changing the size, shape, and orientation of the shape. For example, if you had a square on the page, you could use a transformation matrix to make it bigger or smaller, turn it so it is facing a different direction, or move it from one side of the page to the other.