ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Transient lunar phenomenon

Transient lunar phenomenon (TLP) refers to any sudden changes to the brightness of the Moon or parts of the Moon. TLPs can be caused by a variety of things and are often very brief. For example, a bright flash of light that appears for just a couple of seconds, can be a TLP. By studying TLPs, scientists can learn more about the rocks and other materials on the surface of the Moon.