ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Video compression

Okay, kiddo, have you ever played with a really big puzzle? You know how some pieces just don't fit together, so you have to squish them a little bit or shave off a tiny bit of the edge? That's kind of like what video compression does.

When we watch videos on the computer or TV, they have to be moved around and stored in a special way so that they don't take up too much space. And if we want to watch those videos on a smaller device, like a phone or a tablet, they have to be shrunk down even more.

Video compression is the process of taking all the information in a video file and shrinking it down so that it takes up less space. That way, we can store more videos on our computer or phone and watch them without having to wait for the video to load forever.

But how does it work, you ask? Well, imagine you're watching a video of a dog running in the park. Each second of the video has hundreds of pictures, called frames, that make up the moving image. And each frame has a ton of information in it about the dog's fur, the grass, the sky, and everything else in the scene.

When we compress the video, we look at all of those frames and figure out which parts are the same across several frames. For example, the sky is probably the same in every frame, so we don't need to store that information as much. We can also lower the quality of some of the details that aren't as important, like the blades of grass in the background.

We can also change the way the video is stored by using special algorithms that help make the video file smaller without losing too much quality. It's kind of like breaking the video into smaller pieces and stacking them on top of each other in a way that makes it easier to store.

In the end, video compression helps us keep our videos small and fast to load so we can enjoy watching them without any glitches. And that's how video compression works, in a nutshell, kiddo!