ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Birkeland current

So, imagine there is a long, long line of electric cars driving through space. This line is called a Birkeland current. Just like how a bunch of cars create a traffic jam on the highway, Birkeland currents create a big traffic jam of electrons in space. These electrons are rushing through space and bumping into other things, like planets and asteroids.

The Birkeland current is named after a scientist named Kristian Birkeland who discovered it. He was a really smart guy who liked to study space and the things that float around in it. He found out that when the sun sends out big bursts of energy, it makes the Birkeland current even stronger. The Birkeland current helps to protect our planet from these bursts, just like how a big umbrella keeps you dry when it rains.

So next time you look up at the stars, think about the Birkeland current and how it's protecting us from space weather. And if you ever take a road trip, think about how you're now a little bit like an electron in a Birkeland current, traveling through the highway of space!