Okay, so sometimes when someone is playing music, they might surprise you and play a chord that you weren't really expecting to hear. That chord is called a borrowed chord, and it's called that because it comes from a different key than the one you were originally in. It's like borrowing a toy from your friend's toy box, except with music.
Let's say we're playing a song in the key of C major, which means that most of the chords we'll be using will be made up of the notes C, E, and G. But maybe we want to add a little bit of spice to the song, so we borrow a chord from another key - let's say the key of G major. The chord we borrow is a D major chord, which is made up of the notes D, F#, and A.
So even though we're still technically in the key of C major, we've brought in a chord from the key of G major to make things sound a little more interesting. And that's what a borrowed chord is! It's a chord that comes from a different key, but we use it to spice things up in the song we're playing.