A closed testing procedure is a way of doing a scientific experiment where we make sure that we only look at the most important results.
Imagine you and your friends are planning a big party. You want to make sure everyone has a great time, so you decide to set up some games for them to play. Before the party, you test out different games to see which ones are the most fun.
But there's a problem. You have a lot of friends, and you don't want to spend all day testing games. You want to make sure you only test the very best ones.
So, instead of testing every game, you use a closed testing procedure. This means you only test a few games, but you make sure those games are the most important ones.
To do this, you first make a list of all the games you want to test. Then, you pick a few of the most promising games and test them out.
If one of those games turns out to be really fun, you keep it and move on to the next game on your list. But if a game isn't very fun, you throw it out and move on to the next one.
You keep doing this until you've tested all the games on your list, and you're left with only the best ones. These are the games you'll use at your party.
In science, closed testing procedures work in much the same way. Scientists have to test a lot of things to figure out what works and what doesn't. But they don't want to waste time and resources testing things that don't matter.
So they use closed testing procedures to make sure they only test the most important things. This helps them be more efficient and get results faster.