Dirichlet principle

Dirichlet principle is like when you have a bunch of toys and some friends want to borrow them. But you only have a certain number of toys and you want to make sure your friends each get some toys to play with. Just like that, Dirichlet principle helps you figure out how to share things equally among a group of people.

For example, if you have 8 marbles and 3 friends, you can give each friend 2 marbles and have 2 left over. But if you only have 5 marbles and 3 friends, you can't give everyone 2 marbles because there aren't enough to go around. So, you have to figure out how to divide the marbles so that everyone gets at least one.

The Dirichlet principle says that if you have more things to share than the number of friends you have, then at least one of your friends has to get more things than the others. This is because if everyone gets an equal amount, there won't be enough to go around.

So, when you have more things than people, you have to figure out how to give some people more without being unfair. Dirichlet principle helps you make sure everyone gets something, even if it's not the same amount.